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1
.gitignore
vendored
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.gitignore
vendored
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zig-cache/
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28
LICENSE
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LICENSE
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BSD 3-Clause License
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Copyright (c) 2024, raf
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Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
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1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
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list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
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this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
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and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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3. Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of its
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contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
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this software without specific prior written permission.
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THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
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AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
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DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
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SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
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CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
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OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
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OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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67
README.md
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README.md
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# Zid
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Zid is a Content Identifier (CID) Trie implementation in Zig.
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## Features
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- Trie structure for fast access to identifiers based on their byte values.
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- Proper manages memory allocation and deallocation.
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- Custom error types for better error reporting and handling.
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## Building
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1. Get the Zig compiler appropriate to your distribution (Generally, if you are
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sane, `nix-shell -p zig`) will do the trick.)
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2. Clone the project
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3. `zig build` or `zig build-exe src/main.zig` (former is recommended, but
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doesn't matter)
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## Usage
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<!-- deno-fmt-ignore-start -->
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> [!CAUTION]
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> Zid, for the time being, should be considered highly unstable and must be
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> avoided in actual projects, unless you know what you are doing.
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<!-- deno-fmt-ignore-end -->
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### Adding Identifiers
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To add an identifier to the trie, use the `add` method. Pass the identifier as a
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byte slice (i.e. `[]u8`):
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```zig
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try trie.add("your_identifier_here");
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```
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### Searching for Identifiers
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To search for an identifier in the trie, use the lookup method. Again, pass the
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identifier as a byte slice:
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```zig
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const result = try trie.lookup("identifier_to_search");
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```
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## FAQ
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[IPFS docs]: https://docs.ipfs.tech/concepts/content-addressing/#what-is-a-cid
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### What the hell is a CID?
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See [IPFS docs]. My interpretation of a CID Trie is a tree-like data structure
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used for _efficiently_ storing and retrieving identifiers, with efficiency being
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the primary goal.
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### Why doesn't this build?
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It's my first time building a Zig project. Call it a minor friction.
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## TODO
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- Support for Multiple Tries
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- Batch Operations
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- Dynamic MaxCIDLen (it's currently a runtime constant)
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- Persistence Layer
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- Concurrency
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91
build.zig
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91
build.zig
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const std = @import("std");
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// Although this function looks imperative, note that its job is to
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// declaratively construct a build graph that will be executed by an external
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// runner.
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pub fn build(b: *std.Build) void {
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// Standard target options allows the person running `zig build` to choose
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// what target to build for. Here we do not override the defaults, which
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// means any target is allowed, and the default is native. Other options
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// for restricting supported target set are available.
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const target = b.standardTargetOptions(.{});
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// Standard optimization options allow the person running `zig build` to select
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// between Debug, ReleaseSafe, ReleaseFast, and ReleaseSmall. Here we do not
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// set a preferred release mode, allowing the user to decide how to optimize.
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const optimize = b.standardOptimizeOption(.{});
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const lib = b.addStaticLibrary(.{
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.name = "zid",
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// In this case the main source file is merely a path, however, in more
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// complicated build scripts, this could be a generated file.
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.root_source_file = b.path("src/root.zig"),
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.target = target,
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.optimize = optimize,
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});
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// This declares intent for the library to be installed into the standard
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// location when the user invokes the "install" step (the default step when
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// running `zig build`).
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b.installArtifact(lib);
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const exe = b.addExecutable(.{
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.name = "zid",
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.root_source_file = b.path("src/main.zig"),
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.target = target,
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.optimize = optimize,
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});
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// This declares intent for the executable to be installed into the
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// standard location when the user invokes the "install" step (the default
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// step when running `zig build`).
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b.installArtifact(exe);
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// This *creates* a Run step in the build graph, to be executed when another
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// step is evaluated that depends on it. The next line below will establish
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// such a dependency.
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const run_cmd = b.addRunArtifact(exe);
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// By making the run step depend on the install step, it will be run from the
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// installation directory rather than directly from within the cache directory.
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// This is not necessary, however, if the application depends on other installed
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// files, this ensures they will be present and in the expected location.
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run_cmd.step.dependOn(b.getInstallStep());
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// This allows the user to pass arguments to the application in the build
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// command itself, like this: `zig build run -- arg1 arg2 etc`
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if (b.args) |args| {
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run_cmd.addArgs(args);
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}
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// This creates a build step. It will be visible in the `zig build --help` menu,
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// and can be selected like this: `zig build run`
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// This will evaluate the `run` step rather than the default, which is "install".
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const run_step = b.step("run", "Run the app");
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run_step.dependOn(&run_cmd.step);
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// Creates a step for unit testing. This only builds the test executable
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// but does not run it.
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const lib_unit_tests = b.addTest(.{
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.root_source_file = b.path("src/root.zig"),
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.target = target,
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.optimize = optimize,
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});
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const run_lib_unit_tests = b.addRunArtifact(lib_unit_tests);
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const exe_unit_tests = b.addTest(.{
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.root_source_file = b.path("src/main.zig"),
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.target = target,
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.optimize = optimize,
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});
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const run_exe_unit_tests = b.addRunArtifact(exe_unit_tests);
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// Similar to creating the run step earlier, this exposes a `test` step to
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// the `zig build --help` menu, providing a way for the user to request
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// running the unit tests.
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const test_step = b.step("test", "Run unit tests");
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test_step.dependOn(&run_lib_unit_tests.step);
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test_step.dependOn(&run_exe_unit_tests.step);
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}
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13
build.zig.zon
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build.zig.zon
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.{
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.name = "zid",
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.version = "0.1.0",
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.minimum_zig_version = "0.12.0", // not a hard-requirement, but I've built this package with 0.12 only.
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.paths = .{
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"build.zig",
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"build.zig.zon",
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"src",
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"LICENSE",
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"README.md",
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},
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}
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src/main.zig
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src/main.zig
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const std = @import("std");
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pub var errCollision = std.errors.New("collisions");
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pub var errNotFound = std.errors.New("not found");
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pub const maxCIDLen = 20;
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pub const CIDTrie = struct {
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leaves: [256]?*CIDTrie,
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end: bool,
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pub fn add(self: *CIDTrie, cid: []u8) !void {
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if (cid.len > maxCIDLen) return error.CIDTooLong;
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var trie = self;
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for (cid) |b| {
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if (trie.leaves[b] == null) {
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trie.leaves[b] = try std.heap.page_allocator.alloc(CIDTrie);
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trie.leaves[b].?.end = false;
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} else if (trie.leaves[b].?.end) {
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return errCollision;
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}
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if (cid.len == 1) {
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for (trie.leaves[b].?.leaves) |leaf| {
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if (leaf != null) return errCollision;
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}
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trie.leaves[b].?.end = true;
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}
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trie = trie.leaves[b];
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}
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}
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pub fn lookup(self: *CIDTrie, data: []u8) ![]u8 {
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if (data.len > maxCIDLen) return error.CIDTooLong;
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if (self.leaves[data[0]] == null) return errNotFound;
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var nextLevel = self;
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var currentIndex: usize = 0;
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for (data) |b| {
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nextLevel = nextLevel.leaves[b];
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if (nextLevel.? != null and nextLevel.?.end) {
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return data[0..currentIndex];
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}
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currentIndex += 1;
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}
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return errNotFound;
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}
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};
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pub fn main() void {
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var allocator = std.heap.page_allocator;
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const trie = allocator.create(CIDTrie) catch |err| {
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std.debug.print("Failed to allocate memory: {}\n", .{err});
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return;
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};
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defer allocator.destroy(trie);
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// add entries
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const addResult = trie.add("hello"[0..]) catch |err| {
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std.debug.print("Failed to add 'hello': {}\n", .{err});
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return;
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};
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std.debug.print("Added 'hello': {}\n", .{addResult}); // this assumes add returns a meaningful value, alternative is to remove
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// lookup entries
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const lookupHelloResult = trie.lookup("hello"[0..]) catch |err| {
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std.debug.print("Failed to lookup 'hello': {}\n", .{err});
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return;
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};
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std.debug.print("Found 'hello': {}\n", .{lookupHelloResult});
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const lookupWorldResult = trie.lookup("world"[0..]) catch |err| {
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std.debug.print("Failed to lookup 'world': {}\n", .{err});
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return;
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};
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std.debug.print("Found 'world': {}\n", .{lookupWorldResult});
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// attempt to lookup a nonexistent entry
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const lookupNonexistentResult = trie.lookup("nonexistent"[0..]);
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if (lookupNonexistentResult) |result| {
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std.debug.print("Unexpectedly found 'nonexistent': {}\n", .{result});
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} else |err| {
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std.debug.print("Expected error for 'nonexistent': {}\n", .{err});
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}
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}
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