diff --git a/modules/plugins/languages/python.nix b/modules/plugins/languages/python.nix
index 1fc26e40..bec7ec8b 100644
--- a/modules/plugins/languages/python.nix
+++ b/modules/plugins/languages/python.nix
@@ -8,114 +8,57 @@
   inherit (lib.options) mkEnableOption mkOption literalExpression;
   inherit (lib.meta) getExe;
   inherit (lib.modules) mkIf mkMerge;
-  inherit (lib.types) enum listOf package str bool;
-  inherit (lib.nvim.attrsets) mapListToAttrs;
-  inherit (lib.generators) mkLuaInline;
-  inherit (lib.nvim.dag) entryBefore;
+  inherit (lib.lists) isList;
+  inherit (lib.types) enum either listOf package str bool;
+  inherit (lib.nvim.lua) expToLua;
 
   cfg = config.vim.languages.python;
 
-  defaultServers = ["basedpyright"];
+  defaultServer = "basedpyright";
   servers = {
     pyright = {
-      enable = true;
-      cmd = [(getExe pkgs.pyright) "--stdio"];
-      filetypes = ["python"];
-      root_markers = [
-        "pyproject.toml"
-        "setup.py"
-        "setup.cfg"
-        "requirements.txt"
-        "Pipfile"
-        "pyrightconfig.json"
-        ".git"
-      ];
-      settings = {
-        python = {
-          analysis = {
-            autoSearchPaths = true;
-            useLibraryCodeForTypes = true;
-            diagnosticMode = "openFilesOnly";
-          };
-        };
-      };
-      on_attach = mkLuaInline ''
-        function(client, bufnr)
-          vim.api.nvim_buf_create_user_command(bufnr, 'LspPyrightOrganizeImports', function()
-            client:exec_cmd({
-              command = 'pyright.organizeimports',
-              arguments = { vim.uri_from_bufnr(bufnr) },
-            })
-          end, {
-            desc = 'Organize Imports',
-          })
-          vim.api.nvim_buf_create_user_command(bufnr, 'LspPyrightSetPythonPath', function(opts)
-            set_python_path('pyright', opts.args)
-          end, {
-            desc = 'Reconfigure pyright with the provided python path',
-            nargs = 1,
-            complete = 'file',
-          })
-        end
+      package = pkgs.pyright;
+      lspConfig = ''
+        lspconfig.pyright.setup{
+          capabilities = capabilities;
+          on_attach = default_on_attach;
+          cmd = ${
+          if isList cfg.lsp.package
+          then expToLua cfg.lsp.package
+          else ''{"${cfg.lsp.package}/bin/pyright-langserver", "--stdio"}''
+        }
+        }
       '';
     };
 
     basedpyright = {
-      enable = true;
-      cmd = [(getExe pkgs.basedpyright) "--stdio"];
-      filetypes = ["python"];
-      root_markers = [
-        "pyproject.toml"
-        "setup.py"
-        "setup.cfg"
-        "requirements.txt"
-        "Pipfile"
-        "pyrightconfig.json"
-        ".git"
-      ];
-      settings = {
-        basedpyright = {
-          analysis = {
-            autoSearchPaths = true;
-            useLibraryCodeForTypes = true;
-            diagnosticMode = "openFilesOnly";
-          };
-        };
-      };
-      on_attach = mkLuaInline ''
-        function(client, bufnr)
-          vim.api.nvim_buf_create_user_command(bufnr, 'LspPyrightOrganizeImports', function()
-            client:exec_cmd({
-              command = 'basedpyright.organizeimports',
-              arguments = { vim.uri_from_bufnr(bufnr) },
-            })
-          end, {
-            desc = 'Organize Imports',
-          })
-
-          vim.api.nvim_buf_create_user_command(bufnr, 'LspPyrightSetPythonPath', function(opts)
-            set_python_path('basedpyright', opts.args)
-          end, {
-            desc = 'Reconfigure basedpyright with the provided python path',
-            nargs = 1,
-            complete = 'file',
-          })
-        end
+      package = pkgs.basedpyright;
+      lspConfig = ''
+        lspconfig.basedpyright.setup{
+          capabilities = capabilities;
+          on_attach = default_on_attach;
+          cmd = ${
+          if isList cfg.lsp.package
+          then expToLua cfg.lsp.package
+          else ''{"${cfg.lsp.package}/bin/basedpyright-langserver", "--stdio"}''
+        }
+        }
       '';
     };
 
     python-lsp-server = {
-      enable = true;
-      cmd = [(getExe pkgs.python3Packages.python-lsp-server)];
-      filetypes = ["python"];
-      root_markers = [
-        "pyproject.toml"
-        "setup.py"
-        "setup.cfg"
-        "requirements.txt"
-        "Pipfile"
-        ".git"
-      ];
+      package = pkgs.python3Packages.python-lsp-server;
+      lspConfig = ''
+        lspconfig.pylsp.setup{
+          capabilities = capabilities;
+          on_attach = default_on_attach;
+          cmd = ${
+          if isList cfg.lsp.package
+          then expToLua cfg.lsp.package
+          else ''{"${cfg.lsp.package}/bin/pylsp"}''
+        }
+        }
+      '';
     };
   };
 
@@ -228,10 +171,17 @@ in {
     lsp = {
       enable = mkEnableOption "Python LSP support" // {default = config.vim.lsp.enable;};
 
-      servers = mkOption {
+      server = mkOption {
         description = "Python LSP server to use";
-        type = listOf (enum (attrNames servers));
-        default = defaultServers;
+        type = enum (attrNames servers);
+        default = defaultServer;
+      };
+
+      package = mkOption {
+        description = "python LSP server package, or the command to run as a list of strings";
+        example = ''[lib.getExe pkgs.jdt-language-server "-data" "~/.cache/jdtls/workspace"]'';
+        type = either package (listOf str);
+        default = servers.${cfg.lsp.server}.package;
       };
     };
 
@@ -284,34 +234,8 @@ in {
     })
 
     (mkIf cfg.lsp.enable {
-      vim.luaConfigRC.python-util =
-        entryBefore ["lsp-servers"]
-        /*
-        lua
-        */
-        ''
-          local function set_python_path(server_name, path)
-            local clients = vim.lsp.get_clients {
-              bufnr = vim.api.nvim_get_current_buf(),
-              name = server_name,
-            }
-            for _, client in ipairs(clients) do
-              if client.settings then
-                client.settings.python = vim.tbl_deep_extend('force', client.settings.python or {}, { pythonPath = path })
-              else
-                client.config.settings = vim.tbl_deep_extend('force', client.config.settings, { python = { pythonPath = path } })
-              end
-              client.notify('workspace/didChangeConfiguration', { settings = nil })
-            end
-          end
-        '';
-
-      vim.lsp.servers =
-        mapListToAttrs (n: {
-          name = n;
-          value = servers.${n};
-        })
-        cfg.lsp.servers;
+      vim.lsp.lspconfig.enable = true;
+      vim.lsp.lspconfig.sources.python-lsp = servers.${cfg.lsp.server}.lspConfig;
     })
 
     (mkIf cfg.format.enable {
diff --git a/modules/plugins/languages/r.nix b/modules/plugins/languages/r.nix
index 7f5ffc95..894c63f6 100644
--- a/modules/plugins/languages/r.nix
+++ b/modules/plugins/languages/r.nix
@@ -7,11 +7,10 @@
   inherit (builtins) attrNames;
   inherit (lib.options) mkEnableOption mkOption literalExpression;
   inherit (lib.modules) mkIf mkMerge;
-  inherit (lib.types) enum listOf package;
-  inherit (lib.meta) getExe;
+  inherit (lib.lists) isList;
+  inherit (lib.types) enum either listOf package str;
+  inherit (lib.nvim.lua) expToLua;
   inherit (lib.nvim.types) mkGrammarOption;
-  inherit (lib.nvim.attrsets) mapListToAttrs;
-  inherit (lib.generators) mkLuaInline;
 
   cfg = config.vim.languages.r;
 
@@ -51,16 +50,22 @@
     };
   };
 
-  defaultServers = ["r_language_server"];
+  defaultServer = "r_language_server";
   servers = {
     r_language_server = {
-      enable = true;
-      cmd = [(getExe r-with-languageserver) "--no-echo" "-e" "languageserver::run()"];
-      filetypes = ["r" "rmd" "quarto"];
-      root_dir = mkLuaInline ''
-        function(bufnr, on_dir)
-          on_dir(vim.fs.root(bufnr, '.git') or vim.uv.os_homedir())
-        end
+      package = pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "r_lsp" ''
+        ${r-with-languageserver}/bin/R --slave -e "languageserver::run()"
+      '';
+      lspConfig = ''
+        lspconfig.r_language_server.setup{
+          capabilities = capabilities;
+          on_attach = default_on_attach;
+          cmd = ${
+          if isList cfg.lsp.package
+          then expToLua cfg.lsp.package
+          else ''{"${lib.getExe cfg.lsp.package}"}''
+        }
+        }
       '';
     };
   };
@@ -76,10 +81,17 @@ in {
     lsp = {
       enable = mkEnableOption "R LSP support" // {default = config.vim.lsp.enable;};
 
-      servers = mkOption {
+      server = mkOption {
         description = "R LSP server to use";
-        type = listOf (enum (attrNames servers));
-        default = defaultServers;
+        type = enum (attrNames servers);
+        default = defaultServer;
+      };
+
+      package = mkOption {
+        description = "R LSP server package, or the command to run as a list of strings";
+        example = literalExpression "[ (lib.getExe pkgs.jdt-language-server) \"-data\" \"~/.cache/jdtls/workspace\" ]";
+        type = either package (listOf str);
+        default = servers.${cfg.lsp.server}.package;
       };
     };
 
@@ -115,12 +127,8 @@ in {
     })
 
     (mkIf cfg.lsp.enable {
-      vim.lsp.servers =
-        mapListToAttrs (n: {
-          name = n;
-          value = servers.${n};
-        })
-        cfg.lsp.servers;
+      vim.lsp.lspconfig.enable = true;
+      vim.lsp.lspconfig.sources.r-lsp = servers.${cfg.lsp.server}.lspConfig;
     })
   ]);
 }