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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Sequence-related functionality"><title>rand::seq - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/rustdoc-42caa33d.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-static-root-path="../../static.files/" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.84.1 (e71f9a9a9 2025-01-27)" data-channel="1.84.1" data-search-js="search-92e6798f.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="../sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc mod"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle" title="show sidebar"></button><a class="logo-container" href="../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt=""></a></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><a class="logo-container" href="../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt="logo"></a><h2><a href="../../rand/index.html">rand</a><span class="version">0.8.5</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><section id="rustdoc-toc"><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module seq</a></h2><h3><a href="#modules">Module Items</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#modules" title="Modules">Modules</a></li><li><a href="#structs" title="Structs">Structs</a></li><li><a href="#traits" title="Traits">Traits</a></li></ul></section><div id="rustdoc-modnav"><h2 class="in-crate"><a href="../index.html">In crate rand</a></h2></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><span class="rustdoc-breadcrumbs"><a href="../index.html">rand</a></span><h1>Module <span>seq</span><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#9-1356">Source</a> </span></div><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Sequence-related functionality</p>
<p>This module provides:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="trait.SliceRandom.html" title="trait rand::seq::SliceRandom"><code>SliceRandom</code></a> slice sampling and mutation</li>
<li><a href="trait.IteratorRandom.html" title="trait rand::seq::IteratorRandom"><code>IteratorRandom</code></a> iterator sampling</li>
<li><a href="index/fn.sample.html" title="fn rand::seq::index::sample"><code>index::sample</code></a> low-level API to choose multiple indices from
<code>0..length</code></li>
</ul>
<p>Also see:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="../distributions/struct.WeightedIndex.html" title="struct rand::distributions::WeightedIndex"><code>crate::distributions::WeightedIndex</code></a> distribution which provides
weighted index sampling.</li>
</ul>
<p>In order to make results reproducible across 32-64 bit architectures, all
<code>usize</code> indices are sampled as a <code>u32</code> where possible (also providing a
small performance boost in some cases).</p>
</div></details><h2 id="modules" class="section-header">Modules<a href="#modules" class="anchor">§</a></h2><ul class="item-table"><li><div class="item-name"><a class="mod" href="index/index.html" title="mod rand::seq::index">index</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Low-level API for sampling indices</div></li></ul><h2 id="structs" class="section-header">Structs<a href="#structs" class="anchor">§</a></h2><ul class="item-table"><li><div class="item-name"><a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">Slice<wbr>Choose<wbr>Iter</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">An iterator over multiple slice elements.</div></li></ul><h2 id="traits" class="section-header">Traits<a href="#traits" class="anchor">§</a></h2><ul class="item-table"><li><div class="item-name"><a class="trait" href="trait.IteratorRandom.html" title="trait rand::seq::IteratorRandom">Iterator<wbr>Random</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Extension trait on iterators, providing random sampling methods.</div></li><li><div class="item-name"><a class="trait" href="trait.SliceRandom.html" title="trait rand::seq::SliceRandom">Slice<wbr>Random</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Extension trait on slices, providing random mutation and sampling methods.</div></li></ul></section></div></main></body></html>

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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Randomly sample exactly `amount` distinct indices from `0..length`, and return them in random order (fully shuffled)."><title>sample in rand::seq::index - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/rustdoc-42caa33d.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-static-root-path="../../../static.files/" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.84.1 (e71f9a9a9 2025-01-27)" data-channel="1.84.1" data-search-js="search-92e6798f.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc fn"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle" title="show sidebar"></button><a class="logo-container" href="../../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt=""></a></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><a class="logo-container" href="../../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt="logo"></a><h2><a href="../../../rand/index.html">rand</a><span class="version">0.8.5</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><div id="rustdoc-modnav"><h2><a href="index.html">In rand::<wbr>seq::<wbr>index</a></h2></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><span class="rustdoc-breadcrumbs"><a href="../../index.html">rand</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">seq</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">index</a></span><h1>Function <span class="fn">sample</span><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../../../src/rand/seq/index.rs.html#222-259">Source</a> </span></div><pre class="rust item-decl"><code>pub fn sample&lt;R&gt;(rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>, length: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>, amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="enum.IndexVec.html" title="enum rand::seq::index::IndexVec">IndexVec</a><div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></code></pre><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Randomly sample exactly <code>amount</code> distinct indices from <code>0..length</code>, and
return them in random order (fully shuffled).</p>
<p>This method is used internally by the slice sampling methods, but it can
sometimes be useful to have the indices themselves so this is provided as
an alternative.</p>
<p>The implementation used is not specified; we automatically select the
fastest available algorithm for the <code>length</code> and <code>amount</code> parameters
(based on detailed profiling on an Intel Haswell CPU). Roughly speaking,
complexity is <code>O(amount)</code>, except that when <code>amount</code> is small, performance
is closer to <code>O(amount^2)</code>, and when <code>length</code> is close to <code>amount</code> then
<code>O(length)</code>.</p>
<p>Note that performance is significantly better over <code>u32</code> indices than over
<code>u64</code> indices. Because of this we hide the underlying type behind an
abstraction, <code>IndexVec</code>.</p>
<p>If an allocation-free <code>no_std</code> function is required, it is suggested
to adapt the internal <code>sample_floyd</code> implementation.</p>
<p>Panics if <code>amount &gt; length</code>.</p>
</div></details></section></div></main></body></html>

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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Randomly sample exactly `amount` distinct indices from `0..length`, and return them in an arbitrary order (there is no guarantee of shuffling or ordering). The weights are to be provided by the input function `weights`, which will be called once for each index."><title>sample_weighted in rand::seq::index - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/rustdoc-42caa33d.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-static-root-path="../../../static.files/" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.84.1 (e71f9a9a9 2025-01-27)" data-channel="1.84.1" data-search-js="search-92e6798f.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc fn"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle" title="show sidebar"></button><a class="logo-container" href="../../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt=""></a></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><a class="logo-container" href="../../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt="logo"></a><h2><a href="../../../rand/index.html">rand</a><span class="version">0.8.5</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><div id="rustdoc-modnav"><h2><a href="index.html">In rand::<wbr>seq::<wbr>index</a></h2></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><span class="rustdoc-breadcrumbs"><a href="../../index.html">rand</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">seq</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">index</a></span><h1>Function <span class="fn">sample_weighted</span><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../../../src/rand/seq/index.rs.html#277-293">Source</a> </span></div><pre class="rust item-decl"><code>pub fn sample_weighted&lt;R, F, X&gt;(
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
length: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
weight: F,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;<a class="enum" href="enum.IndexVec.html" title="enum rand::seq::index::IndexVec">IndexVec</a>, <a class="enum" href="../../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; X,
X: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.f64.html">f64</a>&gt;,</div></code></pre><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Randomly sample exactly <code>amount</code> distinct indices from <code>0..length</code>, and
return them in an arbitrary order (there is no guarantee of shuffling or
ordering). The weights are to be provided by the input function <code>weights</code>,
which will be called once for each index.</p>
<p>This method is used internally by the slice sampling methods, but it can
sometimes be useful to have the indices themselves so this is provided as
an alternative.</p>
<p>This implementation uses <code>O(length + amount)</code> space and <code>O(length)</code> time
if the “nightly” feature is enabled, or <code>O(length)</code> space and
<code>O(length + amount * log length)</code> time otherwise.</p>
<p>Panics if <code>amount &gt; length</code>.</p>
</div></details></section></div></main></body></html>

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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Low-level API for sampling indices"><title>rand::seq::index - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/rustdoc-42caa33d.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../../" data-static-root-path="../../../static.files/" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.84.1 (e71f9a9a9 2025-01-27)" data-channel="1.84.1" data-search-js="search-92e6798f.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="../sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc mod"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle" title="show sidebar"></button><a class="logo-container" href="../../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt=""></a></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><a class="logo-container" href="../../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt="logo"></a><h2><a href="../../../rand/index.html">rand</a><span class="version">0.8.5</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><section id="rustdoc-toc"><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Module index</a></h2><h3><a href="#enums">Module Items</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#enums" title="Enums">Enums</a></li><li><a href="#functions" title="Functions">Functions</a></li></ul></section><div id="rustdoc-modnav"><h2><a href="../index.html">In rand::<wbr>seq</a></h2></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><span class="rustdoc-breadcrumbs"><a href="../../index.html">rand</a>::<wbr><a href="../index.html">seq</a></span><h1>Module <span>index</span><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../../../src/rand/seq/index.rs.html#9-678">Source</a> </span></div><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Low-level API for sampling indices</p>
</div></details><h2 id="enums" class="section-header">Enums<a href="#enums" class="anchor">§</a></h2><ul class="item-table"><li><div class="item-name"><a class="enum" href="enum.IndexVec.html" title="enum rand::seq::index::IndexVec">Index<wbr>Vec</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">A vector of indices.</div></li><li><div class="item-name"><a class="enum" href="enum.IndexVecIntoIter.html" title="enum rand::seq::index::IndexVecIntoIter">Index<wbr>VecInto<wbr>Iter</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Return type of <code>IndexVec::into_iter</code>.</div></li><li><div class="item-name"><a class="enum" href="enum.IndexVecIter.html" title="enum rand::seq::index::IndexVecIter">Index<wbr>VecIter</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Return type of <code>IndexVec::iter</code>.</div></li></ul><h2 id="functions" class="section-header">Functions<a href="#functions" class="anchor">§</a></h2><ul class="item-table"><li><div class="item-name"><a class="fn" href="fn.sample.html" title="fn rand::seq::index::sample">sample</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Randomly sample exactly <code>amount</code> distinct indices from <code>0..length</code>, and
return them in random order (fully shuffled).</div></li><li><div class="item-name"><a class="fn" href="fn.sample_weighted.html" title="fn rand::seq::index::sample_weighted">sample_<wbr>weighted</a></div><div class="desc docblock-short">Randomly sample exactly <code>amount</code> distinct indices from <code>0..length</code>, and
return them in an arbitrary order (there is no guarantee of shuffling or
ordering). The weights are to be provided by the input function <code>weights</code>,
which will be called once for each index.</div></li></ul></section></div></main></body></html>

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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Extension trait on iterators, providing random sampling methods."><title>IteratorRandom in rand::seq - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/rustdoc-42caa33d.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-static-root-path="../../static.files/" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.84.1 (e71f9a9a9 2025-01-27)" data-channel="1.84.1" data-search-js="search-92e6798f.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc trait"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle" title="show sidebar"></button><a class="logo-container" href="../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt=""></a></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><a class="logo-container" href="../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt="logo"></a><h2><a href="../../rand/index.html">rand</a><span class="version">0.8.5</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><section id="rustdoc-toc"><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Iterator<wbr>Random</a></h2><h3><a href="#provided-methods">Provided Methods</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#method.choose" title="choose">choose</a></li><li><a href="#method.choose_multiple" title="choose_multiple">choose_multiple</a></li><li><a href="#method.choose_multiple_fill" title="choose_multiple_fill">choose_multiple_fill</a></li><li><a href="#method.choose_stable" title="choose_stable">choose_stable</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#dyn-compatibility">Dyn Compatibility</a></h3><h3><a href="#implementors">Implementors</a></h3></section><div id="rustdoc-modnav"><h2><a href="index.html">In rand::<wbr>seq</a></h2></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><span class="rustdoc-breadcrumbs"><a href="../index.html">rand</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">seq</a></span><h1>Trait <span class="trait">IteratorRandom</span><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#288-489">Source</a> </span></div><pre class="rust item-decl"><code>pub trait IteratorRandom: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html" title="trait core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator">Iterator</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a> {
// Provided methods
fn <a href="#method.choose" class="fn">choose</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span> { ... }
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#method.choose_stable" class="fn">choose_stable</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span> { ... }
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#method.choose_multiple_fill" class="fn">choose_multiple_fill</a>&lt;R&gt;(
self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
buf: &amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>],
) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span> { ... }
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#method.choose_multiple" class="fn">choose_multiple</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>, amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/alloc/vec/struct.Vec.html" title="struct alloc::vec::Vec">Vec</a>&lt;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span> { ... }
}</code></pre><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Extension trait on iterators, providing random sampling methods.</p>
<p>This trait is implemented on all iterators <code>I</code> where <code>I: Iterator + Sized</code>
and provides methods for
choosing one or more elements. You must <code>use</code> this trait:</p>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::seq::IteratorRandom;
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = rand::thread_rng();
<span class="kw">let </span>faces = <span class="string">"😀😎😐😕😠😢"</span>;
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"I am {}!"</span>, faces.chars().choose(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng).unwrap());</code></pre></div>
<p>Example output (non-deterministic):</p>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-none"><code>I am 😀!</code></pre></div></div></details><h2 id="provided-methods" class="section-header">Provided Methods<a href="#provided-methods" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div class="methods"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.choose" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#304-353">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#method.choose" class="fn">choose</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Choose one element at random from the iterator.</p>
<p>Returns <code>None</code> if and only if the iterator is empty.</p>
<p>This method uses <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#method.size_hint" title="method core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::size_hint"><code>Iterator::size_hint</code></a> for optimisation. With an
accurate hint and where <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#method.nth" title="method core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::nth"><code>Iterator::nth</code></a> is a constant-time operation
this method can offer <code>O(1)</code> performance. Where no size hint is
available, complexity is <code>O(n)</code> where <code>n</code> is the iterator length.
Partial hints (where <code>lower &gt; 0</code>) also improve performance.</p>
<p>Note that the output values and the number of RNG samples used
depends on size hints. In particular, <code>Iterator</code> combinators that don’t
change the values yielded but change the size hints may result in
<code>choose</code> returning different elements. If you want consistent results
and RNG usage consider using <a href="trait.IteratorRandom.html#method.choose_stable" title="method rand::seq::IteratorRandom::choose_stable"><code>IteratorRandom::choose_stable</code></a>.</p>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.choose_stable" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#373-411">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#method.choose_stable" class="fn">choose_stable</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Choose one element at random from the iterator.</p>
<p>Returns <code>None</code> if and only if the iterator is empty.</p>
<p>This method is very similar to <a href="trait.IteratorRandom.html#method.choose" title="method rand::seq::IteratorRandom::choose"><code>choose</code></a> except that the result
only depends on the length of the iterator and the values produced by
<code>rng</code>. Notably for any iterator of a given length this will make the
same requests to <code>rng</code> and if the same sequence of values are produced
the same index will be selected from <code>self</code>. This may be useful if you
need consistent results no matter what type of iterator you are working
with. If you do not need this stability prefer <a href="trait.IteratorRandom.html#method.choose" title="method rand::seq::IteratorRandom::choose"><code>choose</code></a>.</p>
<p>Note that this method still uses <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#method.size_hint" title="method core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::size_hint"><code>Iterator::size_hint</code></a> to skip
constructing elements where possible, however the selection and <code>rng</code>
calls are the same in the face of this optimization. If you want to
force every element to be created regardless call <code>.inspect(|e| ())</code>.</p>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.choose_multiple_fill" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#426-448">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#method.choose_multiple_fill" class="fn">choose_multiple_fill</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>, buf: &amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>]) -&gt; <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a><div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Collects values at random from the iterator into a supplied buffer
until that buffer is filled.</p>
<p>Although the elements are selected randomly, the order of elements in
the buffer is neither stable nor fully random. If random ordering is
desired, shuffle the result.</p>
<p>Returns the number of elements added to the buffer. This equals the length
of the buffer unless the iterator contains insufficient elements, in which
case this equals the number of elements available.</p>
<p>Complexity is <code>O(n)</code> where <code>n</code> is the length of the iterator.
For slices, prefer <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose_multiple" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_multiple"><code>SliceRandom::choose_multiple</code></a>.</p>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="method.choose_multiple" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#466-488">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#method.choose_multiple" class="fn">choose_multiple</a>&lt;R&gt;(self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>, amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/alloc/vec/struct.Vec.html" title="struct alloc::vec::Vec">Vec</a>&lt;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Collects <code>amount</code> values at random from the iterator into a vector.</p>
<p>This is equivalent to <code>choose_multiple_fill</code> except for the result type.</p>
<p>Although the elements are selected randomly, the order of elements in
the buffer is neither stable nor fully random. If random ordering is
desired, shuffle the result.</p>
<p>The length of the returned vector equals <code>amount</code> unless the iterator
contains insufficient elements, in which case it equals the number of
elements available.</p>
<p>Complexity is <code>O(n)</code> where <code>n</code> is the length of the iterator.
For slices, prefer <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose_multiple" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_multiple"><code>SliceRandom::choose_multiple</code></a>.</p>
</div></details></div><h2 id="dyn-compatibility" class="section-header">Dyn Compatibility<a href="#dyn-compatibility" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div class="dyn-compatibility-info"><p>This trait is <b>not</b> <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/reference/items/traits.html#object-safety">dyn compatible</a>.</p><p><i>In older versions of Rust, dyn compatibility was called "object safety", so this trait is not object safe.</i></p></div><h2 id="implementors" class="section-header">Implementors<a href="#implementors" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div id="implementors-list"><section id="impl-IteratorRandom-for-I" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#615">Source</a><a href="#impl-IteratorRandom-for-I" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl&lt;I&gt; <a class="trait" href="trait.IteratorRandom.html" title="trait rand::seq::IteratorRandom">IteratorRandom</a> for I<div class="where">where
I: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html" title="trait core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator">Iterator</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h3></section></div><script src="../../trait.impl/rand/seq/trait.IteratorRandom.js" async></script></section></div></main></body></html>

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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><meta name="generator" content="rustdoc"><meta name="description" content="Extension trait on slices, providing random mutation and sampling methods."><title>SliceRandom in rand::seq - Rust</title><script>if(window.location.protocol!=="file:")document.head.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend","SourceSerif4-Regular-6b053e98.ttf.woff2,FiraSans-Regular-0fe48ade.woff2,FiraSans-Medium-e1aa3f0a.woff2,SourceCodePro-Regular-8badfe75.ttf.woff2,SourceCodePro-Semibold-aa29a496.ttf.woff2".split(",").map(f=>`<link rel="preload" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin href="../../static.files/${f}">`).join(""))</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/normalize-9960930a.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/rustdoc-42caa33d.css"><meta name="rustdoc-vars" data-root-path="../../" data-static-root-path="../../static.files/" data-current-crate="rand" data-themes="" data-resource-suffix="" data-rustdoc-version="1.84.1 (e71f9a9a9 2025-01-27)" data-channel="1.84.1" data-search-js="search-92e6798f.js" data-settings-js="settings-0f613d39.js" ><script src="../../static.files/storage-59e33391.js"></script><script defer src="sidebar-items.js"></script><script defer src="../../static.files/main-5f194d8c.js"></script><noscript><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../static.files/noscript-893ab5e7.css"></noscript><link rel="icon" href="https://www.rust-lang.org/favicon.ico"></head><body class="rustdoc trait"><!--[if lte IE 11]><div class="warning">This old browser is unsupported and will most likely display funky things.</div><![endif]--><nav class="mobile-topbar"><button class="sidebar-menu-toggle" title="show sidebar"></button><a class="logo-container" href="../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt=""></a></nav><nav class="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-crate"><a class="logo-container" href="../../rand/index.html"><img src="https://www.rust-lang.org/logos/rust-logo-128x128-blk.png" alt="logo"></a><h2><a href="../../rand/index.html">rand</a><span class="version">0.8.5</span></h2></div><div class="sidebar-elems"><section id="rustdoc-toc"><h2 class="location"><a href="#">Slice<wbr>Random</a></h2><h3><a href="#required-associated-types">Required Associated Types</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#associatedtype.Item" title="Item">Item</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#required-methods">Required Methods</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#tymethod.choose" title="choose">choose</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple" title="choose_multiple">choose_multiple</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple_weighted" title="choose_multiple_weighted">choose_multiple_weighted</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.choose_mut" title="choose_mut">choose_mut</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted" title="choose_weighted">choose_weighted</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted_mut" title="choose_weighted_mut">choose_weighted_mut</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.partial_shuffle" title="partial_shuffle">partial_shuffle</a></li><li><a href="#tymethod.shuffle" title="shuffle">shuffle</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#foreign-impls">Implementations on Foreign Types</a></h3><ul class="block"><li><a href="#impl-SliceRandom-for-%5BT%5D" title="[T]">[T]</a></li></ul><h3><a href="#dyn-compatibility">Dyn Compatibility</a></h3><h3><a href="#implementors">Implementors</a></h3></section><div id="rustdoc-modnav"><h2><a href="index.html">In rand::<wbr>seq</a></h2></div></div></nav><div class="sidebar-resizer"></div><main><div class="width-limiter"><rustdoc-search></rustdoc-search><section id="main-content" class="content"><div class="main-heading"><span class="rustdoc-breadcrumbs"><a href="../index.html">rand</a>::<wbr><a href="index.html">seq</a></span><h1>Trait <span class="trait">SliceRandom</span><button id="copy-path" title="Copy item path to clipboard">Copy item path</button></h1><rustdoc-toolbar></rustdoc-toolbar><span class="sub-heading"><a class="src" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#59-268">Source</a> </span></div><pre class="rust item-decl"><code>pub trait SliceRandom {
type <a href="#associatedtype.Item" class="associatedtype">Item</a>;
// Required methods
fn <a href="#tymethod.choose" class="fn">choose</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_mut" class="fn">choose_mut</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;mut self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;&amp;mut Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple" class="fn">choose_multiple</a>&lt;R&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'_, Self, Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt; <a href="#" class="tooltip" data-notable-ty="SliceChooseIter&lt;&#39;_, Self, Self::Item&gt;">ⓘ</a>
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted" class="fn">choose_weighted</a>&lt;R, F, B, X&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; B,
B: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleBorrow.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleBorrow">SampleBorrow</a>&lt;X&gt;,
X: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleUniform.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleUniform">SampleUniform</a> + for&lt;'a&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/arith/trait.AddAssign.html" title="trait core::ops::arith::AddAssign">AddAssign</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;'a X</a>&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialOrd">PartialOrd</a>&lt;X&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a></span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted_mut" class="fn">choose_weighted_mut</a>&lt;R, F, B, X&gt;(
&amp;mut self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;&amp;mut Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; B,
B: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleBorrow.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleBorrow">SampleBorrow</a>&lt;X&gt;,
X: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleUniform.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleUniform">SampleUniform</a> + for&lt;'a&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/arith/trait.AddAssign.html" title="trait core::ops::arith::AddAssign">AddAssign</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;'a X</a>&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialOrd">PartialOrd</a>&lt;X&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a></span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple_weighted" class="fn">choose_multiple_weighted</a>&lt;R, F, X&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'_, Self, Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; X,
X: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.f64.html">f64</a>&gt;</span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.shuffle" class="fn">shuffle</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;mut self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>)
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span>;
<span class="item-spacer"></span> fn <a href="#tymethod.partial_shuffle" class="fn">partial_shuffle</a>&lt;R&gt;(
&amp;mut self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; (&amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>], &amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>])
<span class="where">where R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a></span>;
}</code></pre><details class="toggle top-doc" open><summary class="hideme"><span>Expand description</span></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Extension trait on slices, providing random mutation and sampling methods.</p>
<p>This trait is implemented on all <code>[T]</code> slice types, providing several
methods for choosing and shuffling elements. You must <code>use</code> this trait:</p>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::seq::SliceRandom;
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = rand::thread_rng();
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>bytes = <span class="string">"Hello, random!"</span>.to_string().into_bytes();
bytes.shuffle(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng);
<span class="kw">let </span>str = String::from_utf8(bytes).unwrap();
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"{}"</span>, str);</code></pre></div>
<p>Example output (non-deterministic):</p>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="language-none"><code>l,nmroHado !le</code></pre></div></div></details><h2 id="required-associated-types" class="section-header">Required Associated Types<a href="#required-associated-types" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div class="methods"><details class="toggle" open><summary><section id="associatedtype.Item" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#61">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="#associatedtype.Item" class="associatedtype">Item</a></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>The element type.</p>
</div></details></div><h2 id="required-methods" class="section-header">Required Methods<a href="#required-methods" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div class="methods"><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.choose" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#79-80">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose" class="fn">choose</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns a reference to one random element of the slice, or <code>None</code> if the
slice is empty.</p>
<p>For slices, complexity is <code>O(1)</code>.</p>
<h5 id="example"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#example">§</a>Example</h5>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::thread_rng;
<span class="kw">use </span>rand::seq::SliceRandom;
<span class="kw">let </span>choices = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">16</span>, <span class="number">32</span>];
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = thread_rng();
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"{:?}"</span>, choices.choose(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng));
<span class="macro">assert_eq!</span>(choices[..<span class="number">0</span>].choose(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng), <span class="prelude-val">None</span>);</code></pre></div>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.choose_mut" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#86-87">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_mut" class="fn">choose_mut</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;mut self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;&amp;mut Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Returns a mutable reference to one random element of the slice, or
<code>None</code> if the slice is empty.</p>
<p>For slices, complexity is <code>O(1)</code>.</p>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.choose_multiple" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#115-116">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple" class="fn">choose_multiple</a>&lt;R&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'_, Self, Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt; <a href="#" class="tooltip" data-notable-ty="SliceChooseIter&lt;&#39;_, Self, Self::Item&gt;">ⓘ</a><div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Chooses <code>amount</code> elements from the slice at random, without repetition,
and in random order. The returned iterator is appropriate both for
collection into a <code>Vec</code> and filling an existing buffer (see example).</p>
<p>In case this API is not sufficiently flexible, use <a href="index/fn.sample.html" title="fn rand::seq::index::sample"><code>index::sample</code></a>.</p>
<p>For slices, complexity is the same as <a href="index/fn.sample.html" title="fn rand::seq::index::sample"><code>index::sample</code></a>.</p>
<h5 id="example-1"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#example-1">§</a>Example</h5>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::seq::SliceRandom;
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = <span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rand::thread_rng();
<span class="kw">let </span>sample = <span class="string">"Hello, audience!"</span>.as_bytes();
<span class="comment">// collect the results into a vector:
</span><span class="kw">let </span>v: Vec&lt;u8&gt; = sample.choose_multiple(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng, <span class="number">3</span>).cloned().collect();
<span class="comment">// store in a buffer:
</span><span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>buf = [<span class="number">0u8</span>; <span class="number">5</span>];
<span class="kw">for </span>(b, slot) <span class="kw">in </span>sample.choose_multiple(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng, buf.len()).zip(buf.iter_mut()) {
<span class="kw-2">*</span>slot = <span class="kw-2">*</span>b;
}</code></pre></div>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.choose_weighted" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#143-154">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted" class="fn">choose_weighted</a>&lt;R, F, B, X&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; B,
B: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleBorrow.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleBorrow">SampleBorrow</a>&lt;X&gt;,
X: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleUniform.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleUniform">SampleUniform</a> + for&lt;'a&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/arith/trait.AddAssign.html" title="trait core::ops::arith::AddAssign">AddAssign</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;'a X</a>&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialOrd">PartialOrd</a>&lt;X&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Similar to <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose"><code>choose</code></a>, but where the likelihood of each outcome may be
specified.</p>
<p>The specified function <code>weight</code> maps each item <code>x</code> to a relative
likelihood <code>weight(x)</code>. The probability of each item being selected is
therefore <code>weight(x) / s</code>, where <code>s</code> is the sum of all <code>weight(x)</code>.</p>
<p>For slices of length <code>n</code>, complexity is <code>O(n)</code>.
See also <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose_weighted_mut" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_weighted_mut"><code>choose_weighted_mut</code></a>, <a href="../distributions/weighted/index.html" title="mod rand::distributions::weighted"><code>distributions::weighted</code></a>.</p>
<h5 id="example-2"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#example-2">§</a>Example</h5>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::prelude::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;
<span class="kw">let </span>choices = [(<span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="number">2</span>), (<span class="string">'b'</span>, <span class="number">1</span>), (<span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="number">1</span>)];
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = thread_rng();
<span class="comment">// 50% chance to print 'a', 25% chance to print 'b', 25% chance to print 'c'
</span><span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"{:?}"</span>, choices.choose_weighted(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng, |item| item.<span class="number">1</span>).unwrap().<span class="number">0</span>);</code></pre></div>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.choose_weighted_mut" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#171-182">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted_mut" class="fn">choose_weighted_mut</a>&lt;R, F, B, X&gt;(
&amp;mut self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;&amp;mut Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; B,
B: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleBorrow.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleBorrow">SampleBorrow</a>&lt;X&gt;,
X: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleUniform.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleUniform">SampleUniform</a> + for&lt;'a&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/arith/trait.AddAssign.html" title="trait core::ops::arith::AddAssign">AddAssign</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;'a X</a>&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialOrd">PartialOrd</a>&lt;X&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Similar to <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose_mut" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_mut"><code>choose_mut</code></a>, but where the likelihood of each outcome may
be specified.</p>
<p>The specified function <code>weight</code> maps each item <code>x</code> to a relative
likelihood <code>weight(x)</code>. The probability of each item being selected is
therefore <code>weight(x) / s</code>, where <code>s</code> is the sum of all <code>weight(x)</code>.</p>
<p>For slices of length <code>n</code>, complexity is <code>O(n)</code>.
See also <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose_weighted" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_weighted"><code>choose_weighted</code></a>, <a href="../distributions/weighted/index.html" title="mod rand::distributions::weighted"><code>distributions::weighted</code></a>.</p>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.choose_multiple_weighted" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#220-226">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple_weighted" class="fn">choose_multiple_weighted</a>&lt;R, F, X&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'_, Self, Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; X,
X: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.f64.html">f64</a>&gt;,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Similar to <a href="trait.SliceRandom.html#tymethod.choose_multiple" title="method rand::seq::SliceRandom::choose_multiple"><code>choose_multiple</code></a>, but where the likelihood of each element’s
inclusion in the output may be specified. The elements are returned in an
arbitrary, unspecified order.</p>
<p>The specified function <code>weight</code> maps each item <code>x</code> to a relative
likelihood <code>weight(x)</code>. The probability of each item being selected is
therefore <code>weight(x) / s</code>, where <code>s</code> is the sum of all <code>weight(x)</code>.</p>
<p>If all of the weights are equal, even if they are all zero, each element has
an equal likelihood of being selected.</p>
<p>The complexity of this method depends on the feature <code>partition_at_index</code>.
If the feature is enabled, then for slices of length <code>n</code>, the complexity
is <code>O(n)</code> space and <code>O(n)</code> time. Otherwise, the complexity is <code>O(n)</code> space and
<code>O(n * log amount)</code> time.</p>
<h5 id="example-3"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#example-3">§</a>Example</h5>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::prelude::<span class="kw-2">*</span>;
<span class="kw">let </span>choices = [(<span class="string">'a'</span>, <span class="number">2</span>), (<span class="string">'b'</span>, <span class="number">1</span>), (<span class="string">'c'</span>, <span class="number">1</span>)];
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = thread_rng();
<span class="comment">// First Draw * Second Draw = total odds
// -----------------------
// (50% * 50%) + (25% * 67%) = 41.7% chance that the output is `['a', 'b']` in some order.
// (50% * 50%) + (25% * 67%) = 41.7% chance that the output is `['a', 'c']` in some order.
// (25% * 33%) + (25% * 33%) = 16.6% chance that the output is `['b', 'c']` in some order.
</span><span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"{:?}"</span>, choices.choose_multiple_weighted(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng, <span class="number">2</span>, |item| item.<span class="number">1</span>).unwrap().collect::&lt;Vec&lt;<span class="kw">_</span>&gt;&gt;());</code></pre></div>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.shuffle" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#244-245">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.shuffle" class="fn">shuffle</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;mut self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>)<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Shuffle a mutable slice in place.</p>
<p>For slices of length <code>n</code>, complexity is <code>O(n)</code>.</p>
<h5 id="example-4"><a class="doc-anchor" href="#example-4">§</a>Example</h5>
<div class="example-wrap"><pre class="rust rust-example-rendered"><code><span class="kw">use </span>rand::seq::SliceRandom;
<span class="kw">use </span>rand::thread_rng;
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>rng = thread_rng();
<span class="kw">let </span><span class="kw-2">mut </span>y = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>];
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"Unshuffled: {:?}"</span>, y);
y.shuffle(<span class="kw-2">&amp;mut </span>rng);
<span class="macro">println!</span>(<span class="string">"Shuffled: {:?}"</span>, y);</code></pre></div>
</div></details><details class="toggle method-toggle" open><summary><section id="tymethod.partial_shuffle" class="method"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#264-267">Source</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.partial_shuffle" class="fn">partial_shuffle</a>&lt;R&gt;(
&amp;mut self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; (&amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>], &amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>])<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></summary><div class="docblock"><p>Shuffle a slice in place, but exit early.</p>
<p>Returns two mutable slices from the source slice. The first contains
<code>amount</code> elements randomly permuted. The second has the remaining
elements that are not fully shuffled.</p>
<p>This is an efficient method to select <code>amount</code> elements at random from
the slice, provided the slice may be mutated.</p>
<p>If you only need to choose elements randomly and <code>amount &gt; self.len()/2</code>
then you may improve performance by taking
<code>amount = values.len() - amount</code> and using only the second slice.</p>
<p>If <code>amount</code> is greater than the number of elements in the slice, this
will perform a full shuffle.</p>
<p>For slices, complexity is <code>O(m)</code> where <code>m = amount</code>.</p>
</div></details></div><h2 id="dyn-compatibility" class="section-header">Dyn Compatibility<a href="#dyn-compatibility" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div class="dyn-compatibility-info"><p>This trait is <b>not</b> <a href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/reference/items/traits.html#object-safety">dyn compatible</a>.</p><p><i>In older versions of Rust, dyn compatibility was called "object safety", so this trait is not object safe.</i></p></div><h2 id="foreign-impls" class="section-header">Implementations on Foreign Types<a href="#foreign-impls" class="anchor">§</a></h2><details class="toggle implementors-toggle"><summary><section id="impl-SliceRandom-for-%5BT%5D" class="impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#492-613">Source</a><a href="#impl-SliceRandom-for-%5BT%5D" class="anchor">§</a><h3 class="code-header">impl&lt;T&gt; <a class="trait" href="trait.SliceRandom.html" title="trait rand::seq::SliceRandom">SliceRandom</a> for <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.slice.html">[T]</a></h3></section></summary><div class="impl-items"><section id="associatedtype.Item-1" class="associatedtype trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#493">Source</a><a href="#associatedtype.Item-1" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">type <a href="#associatedtype.Item" class="associatedtype">Item</a> = T</h4></section><section id="method.choose" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#495-502">Source</a><a href="#method.choose" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose" class="fn">choose</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section><section id="method.choose_mut" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#504-512">Source</a><a href="#method.choose_mut" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_mut" class="fn">choose_mut</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;mut self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/option/enum.Option.html" title="enum core::option::Option">Option</a>&lt;&amp;mut Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section><section id="method.choose_multiple" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#515-523">Source</a><a href="#method.choose_multiple" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple" class="fn">choose_multiple</a>&lt;R&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; <a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'_, Self, Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt; <a href="#" class="tooltip" data-notable-ty="SliceChooseIter&lt;&#39;_, Self, Self::Item&gt;">ⓘ</a><div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section><section id="method.choose_weighted" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#526-542">Source</a><a href="#method.choose_weighted" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted" class="fn">choose_weighted</a>&lt;R, F, B, X&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; B,
B: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleBorrow.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleBorrow">SampleBorrow</a>&lt;X&gt;,
X: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleUniform.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleUniform">SampleUniform</a> + for&lt;'a&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/arith/trait.AddAssign.html" title="trait core::ops::arith::AddAssign">AddAssign</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;'a X</a>&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialOrd">PartialOrd</a>&lt;X&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a>,</div></h4></section><section id="method.choose_weighted_mut" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#545-561">Source</a><a href="#method.choose_weighted_mut" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_weighted_mut" class="fn">choose_weighted_mut</a>&lt;R, F, B, X&gt;(
&amp;mut self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;&amp;mut Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; B,
B: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleBorrow.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleBorrow">SampleBorrow</a>&lt;X&gt;,
X: <a class="trait" href="../distributions/uniform/trait.SampleUniform.html" title="trait rand::distributions::uniform::SampleUniform">SampleUniform</a> + for&lt;'a&gt; <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/arith/trait.AddAssign.html" title="trait core::ops::arith::AddAssign">AddAssign</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;'a X</a>&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/cmp/trait.PartialOrd.html" title="trait core::cmp::PartialOrd">PartialOrd</a>&lt;X&gt; + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/clone/trait.Clone.html" title="trait core::clone::Clone">Clone</a> + <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/default/trait.Default.html" title="trait core::default::Default">Default</a>,</div></h4></section><section id="method.choose_multiple_weighted" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#564-584">Source</a><a href="#method.choose_multiple_weighted" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.choose_multiple_weighted" class="fn">choose_multiple_weighted</a>&lt;R, F, X&gt;(
&amp;self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
weight: F,
) -&gt; <a class="enum" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/result/enum.Result.html" title="enum core::result::Result">Result</a>&lt;<a class="struct" href="struct.SliceChooseIter.html" title="struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'_, Self, Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>&gt;, <a class="enum" href="../distributions/enum.WeightedError.html" title="enum rand::distributions::WeightedError">WeightedError</a>&gt;<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,
F: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/function/trait.Fn.html" title="trait core::ops::function::Fn">Fn</a>(&amp;Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>) -&gt; X,
X: <a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/convert/trait.Into.html" title="trait core::convert::Into">Into</a>&lt;<a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.f64.html">f64</a>&gt;,</div></h4></section><section id="method.shuffle" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#586-592">Source</a><a href="#method.shuffle" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.shuffle" class="fn">shuffle</a>&lt;R&gt;(&amp;mut self, rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>)<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section><section id="method.partial_shuffle" class="method trait-impl"><a class="src rightside" href="../../src/rand/seq/mod.rs.html#594-612">Source</a><a href="#method.partial_shuffle" class="anchor">§</a><h4 class="code-header">fn <a href="#tymethod.partial_shuffle" class="fn">partial_shuffle</a>&lt;R&gt;(
&amp;mut self,
rng: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html">&amp;mut R</a>,
amount: <a class="primitive" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html">usize</a>,
) -&gt; (&amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>], &amp;mut [Self::<a class="associatedtype" href="trait.SliceRandom.html#associatedtype.Item" title="type rand::seq::SliceRandom::Item">Item</a>])<div class="where">where
R: <a class="trait" href="../trait.Rng.html" title="trait rand::Rng">Rng</a> + ?<a class="trait" href="https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html" title="trait core::marker::Sized">Sized</a>,</div></h4></section></div></details><h2 id="implementors" class="section-header">Implementors<a href="#implementors" class="anchor">§</a></h2><div id="implementors-list"></div><script src="../../trait.impl/rand/seq/trait.SliceRandom.js" data-ignore-extern-crates="std" async></script><script type="text/json" id="notable-traits-data">{"SliceChooseIter<'_, Self, Self::Item>":"<h3>Notable traits for <code><a class=\"struct\" href=\"struct.SliceChooseIter.html\" title=\"struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter\">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'a, S, T&gt;</code></h3><pre><code><div class=\"where\">impl&lt;'a, S: <a class=\"trait\" href=\"https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/ops/index/trait.Index.html\" title=\"trait core::ops::index::Index\">Index</a>&lt;<a class=\"primitive\" href=\"https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.usize.html\">usize</a>, Output = T&gt; + ?<a class=\"trait\" href=\"https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/marker/trait.Sized.html\" title=\"trait core::marker::Sized\">Sized</a> + 'a, T: 'a&gt; <a class=\"trait\" href=\"https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html\" title=\"trait core::iter::traits::iterator::Iterator\">Iterator</a> for <a class=\"struct\" href=\"struct.SliceChooseIter.html\" title=\"struct rand::seq::SliceChooseIter\">SliceChooseIter</a>&lt;'a, S, T&gt;</div><div class=\"where\"> type <a href=\"https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/core/iter/traits/iterator/trait.Iterator.html#associatedtype.Item\" class=\"associatedtype\">Item</a> = <a class=\"primitive\" href=\"https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.84.1/std/primitive.reference.html\">&amp;'a T</a>;</div>"}</script></section></div></main></body></html>